Comparison of Prenatal and Postpartum Care Needs among Women with Twin Pregnancies: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Twin pregnancy carries higher health risks for both the mother and newborns compared with singleton pregnancy. Women with twin pregnancies often experience prolonged psychological burdens from pregnancy through the postpartum period, indicating the need for continuous support. This study assumed that the care expectations of women with twin pregnancies after assisted reproductive technology (ART), identified in a previous inductive study (Fujii, 2021), may also apply to women with naturally conceived twin pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to clarify the care expectations of women with twin pregnancies toward midwives and nurses, and to compare their care needs during pregnancy and after childbirth to explore approaches for continuous support.

A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using Google Forms from July 2021 to December 2022. Participants included members of twin-support groups and users of postpartum care services across Japan. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items related to pregnancy, childbirth, and inter-facility collaboration, rated on a five-point Likert scale. Independent t-tests were used for comparisons.

Among 273 respondents, 24 (8.8%) were pregnant and 249 (91.2%) were postpartum. Interest in risk information was significantly higher during pregnancy, whereas empathy and acknowledgment of effort during childbirth were significantly higher postpartum, indicating differing needs before and after childbirth. Regardless of ART experience, women with twin pregnancies sought detailed information about potential risks during pregnancy and desired rest and emotional support after childbirth. These findings suggest the importance of continuous care that helps twin mothers regain a sense of reassurance and well-being.